Topic: Military history (Page 9)
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๐ USA built 151 Aircraft carriers in WWII
The escort carrier or escort aircraft carrier (U.S. hull classification symbol CVE), also called a "jeep carrier" or "baby flattop" in the United States Navy (USN) or "Woolworth Carrier" by the Royal Navy, was a small and slow type of aircraft carrier used by the Royal Navy, the Royal Canadian Navy, the United States Navy, the Imperial Japanese Navy and Imperial Japanese Army Air Force in World War II. They were typically half the length and a third the displacement of larger fleet carriers, slower, more-lightly armed and armored, and carried fewer planes. Escort carriers were most often built upon a commercial ship hull, so they were cheaper and could be built quickly. This was their principal advantage as they could be completed in greater numbers as a stop-gap when fleet carriers were scarce. However, the lack of protection made escort carriers particularly vulnerable, and several were sunk with great loss of life. The light carrier (U.S. hull classification symbol CVL) was a similar concept to the escort carrier in most respects, but was fast enough to operate alongside fleet carriers.
Escort carriers were too slow to keep up with the main forces consisting of fleet carriers, battleships, and cruisers. Instead, they were used to escort merchant ship convoys, defending them from enemy threats such as submarines and planes. In the invasions of mainland Europe and Pacific islands, escort carriers provided air support to ground forces during amphibious operations. Escort carriers also served as backup aircraft transports for fleet carriers, and ferried aircraft of all military services to points of delivery.
In the Battle of the Atlantic, escort carriers were used to protect convoys against U-boats. Initially escort carriers accompanied the merchant ships and helped to fend off attacks from aircraft and submarines. As numbers increased later in the war, escort carriers also formed part of hunter-killer groups that sought out submarines instead of being attached to a particular convoy.
In the Pacific theater, CVEs provided air support of ground troops in the Battle of Leyte Gulf. They lacked the speed and weapons to counter enemy fleets, relying on the protection of a Fast Carrier Task Force. However, at the Battle off Samar, one U.S. task force of escort carriers and destroyers managed to successfully defend itself against a much larger Japanese force of battleships and cruisers. The Japanese met a furious defense of carrier aircraft, screening destroyers, and destroyer escorts.
Of the 151 aircraft carriers built in the U.S. during World War II, 122 were escort carriers, though no examples survive. The Casablanca class was the most numerous class of aircraft carrier, with 50 launched. Second was the Bogue class, with 45 launched.
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- "USA built 151 Aircraft carriers in WWII" | 2023-09-17 | 43 Upvotes 69 Comments
๐ Z (Military Symbol)
"Z" is one of several symbols painted on military vehicles of the Russian Armed Forces involved in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
The symbol has been used in Russian popular culture as a sign of support for the invasion. Displaying any of the symbols on vehicles in public is illegal in Kazakhstan.
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- "Z (Military Symbol)" | 2022-03-07 | 61 Upvotes 49 Comments
๐ 5BX
The Royal Canadian Air Force Exercise Plans are two exercise plans developed for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) by Dr. Bill Orban in the late 1950s, first published in 1961. The 5BX plan (Five Basic Exercises) was developed for men; a corresponding program was developed for women under the name XBX (Ten Basic Exercises) and the two plans were subsequently published together as one book. The popularity of the programs in many countries around the world helped to launch modern fitness culture.
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- "5BX" | 2010-06-20 | 77 Upvotes 32 Comments
๐ Black Tom Explosion
The Black Tom explosion was an act of sabotage by German agents to destroy U.S.-made munitions that were to be supplied to the Allies in World War I. The explosions, which occurred on July 30, 1916, in the New York Harbor, killed four people and destroyed some $20,000,000 worth of military goods. This incident, which happened prior to U.S. entry into World War I, also damaged the Statue of Liberty. It was one of the largest artificial non-nuclear explosions to have ever occurred.
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- "Black Tom Explosion" | 2020-09-22 | 60 Upvotes 49 Comments
๐ Soviet Pilot Escapes from POW Camp by Stealing a German Bomber and Flying Home
Mikhail Petrovich Devyatayev (Russian: ะะธั ะฐะธะป ะะตััะพะฒะธั ะะตะฒััะฐะตะฒ; Moksha/Erzya: ะะธั ะฐะธะป ะะตััะพะฒะธั ะะตะฒััะฐะตะฒ; 8 July 1917 โ 24 November 2002) was a Soviet fighter pilot known for his incredible escape from a Nazi concentration camp on the island of Usedom, in the Baltic Sea.
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- "Soviet Pilot Escapes from POW Camp by Stealing a German Bomber and Flying Home" | 2021-01-18 | 75 Upvotes 33 Comments
๐ Boeing MQ-25 Stingray
The Boeing MQ-25 Stingray is an aerial refueling drone that resulted from the Carrier-Based Aerial-Refueling System (CBARS) program, which grew out of the earlier Unmanned Carrier-Launched Airborne Surveillance and Strike (UCLASS) program. The MQ-25 first flew on 19 September 2019.
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- "Boeing MQ-25 Stingray" | 2019-11-01 | 41 Upvotes 65 Comments
๐ Subutai โ Primary military strategist of Genghis Khan
Subutai (Classical Mongolian: Sรผbรผgรคtรคi or Sรผbรผ'รคtรคi; Tuvan: ะกาฏะฑัะดัะน, [sybษหdษj]; Modern Mongolian: ะกาฏะฑััะดัะน, Sรผbeedei. [sสbeหหdษ]; Chinese: ้ไธๅฐ 1175โ1248) was an Uriankhai general, and the primary military strategist of Genghis Khan and รgedei Khan. He directed more than 20 campaigns in which he conquered 32 nations and won 65 pitched battles, during which he conquered or overran more territory than any other commander in history. He gained victory by means of imaginative and sophisticated strategies and routinely coordinated movements of armies that were hundreds of kilometers away from each other. He is also remembered for devising the campaign that destroyed the armies of Hungary and Poland within two days of each other, by forces over 500 kilometers apart.
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- "Subutai โ Primary military strategist of Genghis Khan" | 2017-06-14 | 84 Upvotes 22 Comments
๐ United States military and prostitution in South Korea
During and following the Korean War, the United States military used regulated prostitution services in South Korean military camptowns. Despite prostitution being illegal since 1948, women in South Korea were the fundamental source of sex services for the U.S. military as well as a component of American and Korean relations. The women in South Korea who served as prostitutes are known as kijichon (๊ธฐ์ง์ด) women, also called as "Korean Military Comfort Women", and were visited by the U.S. military, Korean soldiers and Korean civilians. Kijich'on women were from Korea, Philippines, China, Vietnam, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia and the Commonwealth of Independent States, specifically Russia and Kazakhstan.
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- "United States military and prostitution in South Korea" | 2021-01-19 | 76 Upvotes 28 Comments
๐ Soviet Lun-Class Ekranoplan Ground Effect Vehicle
The Lun-class ekranoplan is a ground effect vehicle (GEV) designed by Rostislav Evgenievich Alexeyev in 1975 and used by the Soviet and Russian navies from 1987 until sometime in the late 1990s.
It flew using the lift generated by the ground effect of its large wings when within about four metres (13ย ft) above the surface of the water. Although they might look similar to regular aircraft, and have related technical characteristics, ekranoplans like the Lun are not aircraft, seaplanes, hovercraft, nor hydrofoils. Rather, "ground effect" is a distinct technology. The International Maritime Organization classifies these vehicles as maritime ships.
The name Lun comes from the Russian word for harrier.
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- "Soviet Lun-Class Ekranoplan Ground Effect Vehicle" | 2020-11-08 | 77 Upvotes 26 Comments
๐ United States Camel Corps
The United States Camel Corps was a mid-19th-century experiment by the United States Army in using camels as pack animals in the Southwestern United States. While the camels proved to be hardy and well suited to travel through the region, the Army declined to adopt them for military use. The Civil War interfered with the experiment and it was eventually abandoned; the animals were sold at auction.
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- "United States Camel Corps" | 2025-01-28 | 11 Upvotes 2 Comments
- "United States Camel Corps" | 2017-08-16 | 70 Upvotes 19 Comments