Topic: Canada

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πŸ”— Gimli Glider

πŸ”— Aviation πŸ”— Disaster management πŸ”— Aviation/Aviation accident πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Aviation/aircraft πŸ”— Aviation/gliding πŸ”— Canada/History of Canada πŸ”— Canada/Manitoba

Air Canada FlightΒ 143 was a Canadian scheduled domestic passenger flight between Montreal and Edmonton that ran out of fuel on JulyΒ 23, 1983, at an altitude of 41,000 feet (12,000Β m), midway through the flight. The crew was able to glide the Boeing 767 aircraft safely to an emergency landing at a former Royal Canadian Air Force base in Gimli, Manitoba, that had been turned into a motor racing track. This unusual aviation incident earned the aircraft the nickname "Gimli Glider".

The subsequent investigation revealed that a combination of company failures, human errors and confusion over unit measures had led to the aircraft being refuelled with insufficient fuel for the planned flight.

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πŸ”— List of screw drives

πŸ”— Technology πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Guild of Copy Editors πŸ”— Engineering

A screw drive is a system used to turn a screw. At a minimum, it is a set of shaped cavities and protrusions on the screw head that allows torque to be applied to it. Usually, it also involves a mating tool, such as a screwdriver, that is used to turn it. The following heads are categorized based on commonality, with some of the less-common drives being classified as "tamper-resistant".

Most heads come in a range of sizes, typically distinguished by a number, such as "Phillips #00". These sizes do not necessarily describe a particular dimension of the drive shape, but rather are arbitrary designations.

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πŸ”— Saskatoon Freezing Deaths

πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Death πŸ”— Law Enforcement πŸ”— Indigenous peoples of North America πŸ”— Canada/Saskatchewan

The Saskatoon freezing deaths were a series of deaths of Indigenous Canadians in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, in the early 2000s, which were confirmed to have been caused by members of the Saskatoon Police Service. The police officers would arrest Indigenous people, usually men, for alleged drunkenness and/or disorderly behaviour, sometimes without cause. The officers would then drive them to the outskirts of the city at night in the winter, and abandon them, leaving them stranded in sub-zero temperatures.

The practice was known as taking Indigenous people for "starlight tours" and dates back to 1976. As of 2021, despite convictions for related offences, no Saskatoon police officer has been convicted specifically for having caused freezing deaths.

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πŸ”— Kaktovik numerals – A base-20 number system that is visually easy too

πŸ”— Numbers πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Arctic πŸ”— Writing systems πŸ”— Indigenous peoples of North America πŸ”— Canada/Canadian Territories πŸ”— Alaska

Kaktovik numerals are a featural positional numeral system created by Alaskan IΓ±upiat.

Arabic numeral notation, which was designed for a base-10 numeral system, is inadequate for the Inuit languages, which use a base-20 numeral system. Students in Kaktovik, Alaska, invented a base-20 numeral notation in 1994 to rectify this issue, and this system spread among the Alaskan IΓ±upiat and has been considered in other countries where Inuit languages are spoken.

The image at right shows the digits 0 to 19. Twenty is written as a one and a zero (\Ι€), forty as a two and a zero (VΙ€), four hundred as a one and two zeros (\Ι€Ι€), eight hundred as a two and two zeros (VΙ€Ι€), etc.

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πŸ”— 1700 Cascadia Earthquake

πŸ”— United States πŸ”— California πŸ”— Disaster management πŸ”— Oregon πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Anthropology πŸ”— Canada/British Columbia πŸ”— United States/Washington πŸ”— Canada/History of Canada πŸ”— Canada/Geography of Canada πŸ”— United States/U.S. history πŸ”— Cascadia πŸ”— Earthquakes πŸ”— Anthropology/Oral tradition

The 1700 Cascadia earthquake occurred along the Cascadia subduction zone on January 26, 1700 with an estimated moment magnitude of 8.7–9.2. The megathrust earthquake involved the Juan de Fuca Plate from mid-Vancouver Island, south along the Pacific Northwest coast as far as northern California. The length of the fault rupture was about 1,000 kilometers (620 miles), with an average slip of 20 meters (66Β ft).

The earthquake caused a tsunami which struck the west coast of North America and the coast of Japan.

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πŸ”— Anvil Firing

πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Appalachia πŸ”— Canada/British Columbia

Anvil firing (also known as anvil launching or anvil shooting) is the practice of firing an anvil into the air with gunpowder.

In the UK, the term refers to a method of testing anvils. Black powder was poured onto the top of the anvil and ignited. If the anvil did not shatter it was deemed safe to use.

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πŸ”— Milk Bag

πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Packaging

A milk bag is a plastic bag that contains milk. Usually one of the corners is cut off to allow for pouring, and the bag is stored in a pitcher or jug.

A typical milk bag contains approximately 1Β L (1.8Β impΒ pt) of milk in South America, Iran, Israel, and continental European countries, while in Canada they contain 1+1⁄3 litres (2.3Β impΒ pt), and in India, 0.5Β L (0.9Β impΒ pt).

In the Baltic rim countries, e.g., Estonia, and some Eastern European countries, the similar bags may also be seen used for packaging yogurt or kefir.

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πŸ”— Pig War

πŸ”— United States πŸ”— Military history πŸ”— Military history/North American military history πŸ”— Military history/United States military history πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Agriculture πŸ”— Canada/British Columbia πŸ”— United States/Washington πŸ”— Canada/Geography of Canada πŸ”— Military history/European military history πŸ”— Military history/British military history πŸ”— Agriculture/Livestock

The Pig War was a confrontation in 1859 between the United States and United Kingdom over the British–U.S. border in the San Juan Islands, between Vancouver Island (present-day Canada) and the State of Washington. The Pig War, so called because it was triggered by the shooting of a pig, is also called the Pig Episode, the Pig and Potato War, the San Juan Boundary Dispute and the Northwestern Boundary Dispute. Aside from the death of one pig, this dispute was a bloodless conflict.

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πŸ”— Vancouver Special

πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Architecture πŸ”— Canada/British Columbia πŸ”— Canada/Vancouver

The Vancouver Special is an architectural style of residential houses developed in Metro Vancouver, Canada. The style was popular in the 1960s to 1980s due to ability to maximize floor space with relatively cheap construction costs.

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πŸ”— Quebec Sovereignty Movement

πŸ”— Canada πŸ”— Politics πŸ”— Canada/Quebec πŸ”— Canada/Political parties and politicians in Canada

The Quebec sovereignty movement (French: Mouvement souverainiste du QuΓ©bec) is a political movement whose objective is to achieve the sovereignty of Quebec, a province of Canada since 1867, including in all matters related to any provision of Quebec's public order that is applicable on its territory. Sovereignists suggest that the people of Quebec make use of their right to self-determination – a principle that includes the possibility of choosing between integration with a third state, political association with another state or independence – so that Quebecois, collectively and by democratic means, give themselves a sovereign state with its own independent constitution.

Quebec sovereignists believe that with such a sovereign state, the Quebec nation will be better equipped to promote its own economic, social, ecological and cultural development. Quebec's sovereignist movement is based on Quebec nationalism.

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